Degradation of xenobiotic compounds by microorganisms pdf files

Those xenobiotic compounds that resist digestion from even microbes are called recalcitrant. Pdf the biochemistry and molecular biology of xenobiotic. Ddt is absorbed by plants and microorganisms, which may be eaten by some animals including fish. The chapter aims to provide an overview of xenobiotic compounds, factors affecting biodegradation, the metabolic pathways and genetic adaptation in microorganisms for degradation of recalcitrant. Aerobic degradation are metabolized by a variety of bacteria, with ring fission. University of groningen bacterial degradation of xenobiotic. The processes of bioremediation usually occur in soilwater environment, whereby compounds are broken down into less toxic compounds andor environmental friendly compounds by microorganisms. Microbial degradation of xenobiotic, aromatic pollutants in humic water.

In contrast, several xenobiotic compounds are degraded by an existing pathway and are used by microbes as sources of energy and reducing equivalents. Therefore, the lecture notes and the practical manual have been revised and edited based on the. Our interest in the microbial biodegradation of xenobiotics has increased many. You are advised to consult the publishers version publishers pdf if you. Microbial degradation of pyridine and pyridine derivatives. The fate of xenobiotic compounds will depend upon many interacting factors, both extrinsic ph photooxidation, weathering and intrinsic water solubility. Xenobiotic compounds including pesticides, nitrophenols, pyridine, polycyclic. Microbial metabolism of xenobiotic compounds springerlink. Natural, mixed cultures of microorganisms in the water from a brownwater lake with a high content of humic compounds mineralized all of the.

Xenobiotic compounds are man made chemicals that are present in the environment at higher concentration. Biodegradation of xenobiotics encyclopedia of life. Pdf xenobiotic compounds and their types xenobiotic. Through microbial metabolism xenobiotics degraded from toxic to nontoxic compounds which are mainly environmental accepted form. Over 10 million scientific documents at your fingertips. Microbial degradation of chlorinated aromatic compounds. An emphasis on xenobiotic degradation in environmental. The ddt not only passes on in the food chain, but goes on accumulating mainly because it is the recalcitrant to biodegradation and it accumulates in body. Pdf microbial degradation of xenobiotic, aromatic pollutants in. Sometimes these microbial transformation processes are fortuitous, a phenomenon that is not uncommon in microbiology. The microbial mechanical engineering catalogue pdf degradation of a number of 14clabeled. Xenobiotic compounds are manmade chemicals that are present in the atmosphere at unusually high concentrations. Fungi, and aerobic as well as anaerobic bacteria are involved in the degradation of xenobiotics.

Detoxification of pollutants may involve as little as a single modification of structure to render a potentially hazardous chemical innocuous. However, some microorganisms have been isolated that degrade manmade xenobiotics. Microorganisms are able to digest most of the naturally occurring xenobiotic compounds and this property is called as microbial infallibility. Microbial degradation of xenobiotics shree nath singh springer. Xenobiotics have been released into the environment by human activities, and they often cause environmental pollution problems, since most such compounds cannot be readily degraded and have harmful effects on the natural ecosystem, including human beings. These are either not produced naturally or are produced at much lower amount than that by. On the other hand, microorganisms may use xenobiotic compounds as a source of energy. Microbial transformation of xenobiotics for environmental citeseerx.